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Changing Antarctica 南極海洋生物與環(huán)境變化

學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)

有關(guān) “survival（生存）” 的詞匯

邊看邊答

What is the temperature of the ocean around Antarctica?

文字稿

Antarctica is the most extreme continent on Earth. Few animals can survive the bitter cold. But one Antarctic environment is surprisingly stable - the ocean. But it is cold - minus two degrees centigrade.

南極是地球上環(huán)境最?lèi)毫拥拇箨?。幾乎沒(méi)有動(dòng)物能承受那里的嚴(yán)寒。但有一個(gè)南極環(huán)境卻驚人地穩(wěn)定——海洋。不過(guò)海水很冷，零下二攝氏度。

Like everywhere else in the world, the Antarctic environment is changing. In some places the water is already warming - a huge challenge for animals that have never experienced any change.

和世界上其它地區(qū)一樣，南極的環(huán)境也在變化。在一些地方，水已開(kāi)始變暖，這對(duì)一些動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)巨大的考驗(yàn)，這些動(dòng)物從未經(jīng)歷過(guò)任何變化。

Justin Rowlatt, BBC correspondent
So some of the incredible Antarctic animals are in this tank. Now Anne Todgham is a marine biologist; you've been studying these animals for years…

賈斯汀·羅拉特     BBC 通訊員
“這個(gè)水箱里有一些奇妙的的南極動(dòng)物。安妮·托吉姆是一位海洋生物學(xué)家。你多年來(lái)一直在研究這些動(dòng)物……”

Dr Anne Todgham, Associate Professor, University of California Davis
So they have anti-freeze proteins inside of them that keep them from freezing. They have different red blood cells that are in fact not red. They have compensated for the cold, so they can go about their daily lives and actually thrive in an environment that most animals will find very stressful.

安妮·托吉姆博士     副教授     加利福尼亞大學(xué)戴維斯分校
“這些動(dòng)物的體內(nèi)有抗凍蛋白質(zhì)，可以防止它們被凍住。它們有與眾不同的紅細(xì)胞，這些紅細(xì)胞實(shí)際上并不是紅色的。它們的身體為了抗凍而進(jìn)行了自我彌補(bǔ)，從而能夠在這種環(huán)境中正常地生活，并茁壯生長(zhǎng)，盡管這種環(huán)境讓大多數(shù)動(dòng)物難以生存。

The big question for Anne is how well these extraordinary creatures will be able to adapt. The results so far are not promising.

對(duì)安妮來(lái)說(shuō)，最大的問(wèn)題是：這些非凡的生物適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力有多強(qiáng)。到目前為止，結(jié)果并不樂(lè)觀。

Dr Anne Todgham, Associate Professor, University of California Davis
I am actually pretty worried, I wish the data was wrong, I wish I didn't have to be worried. But you know there are a lot of things that are going to change in the ocean, and these animals are being stressed to their max.

安妮·托奇姆博士     副教授     加利福尼亞大學(xué)戴維斯分校
“我其實(shí)很擔(dān)心，我希望數(shù)據(jù)是錯(cuò)誤的，我多希望我不必?fù)?dān)心。但海洋中有很多東西將會(huì)發(fā)生變化，而這些動(dòng)物承受的壓力已經(jīng)到了極限?！?

You may wonder why we should worry about the fate of a few unusual species, but the scientists here say we should think of what's happening as a warning. If these animals can't survive in our changing world, what does that say about our future?

也許你想知道為什么我們要為一些不尋常物種的命運(yùn)而擔(dān)憂(yōu)，但這里的科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，我們應(yīng)把正在發(fā)生的事情視為一個(gè)警告。如果這些動(dòng)物無(wú)法在我們不斷變化的世界中生存，那這對(duì)我們的未來(lái)意味著什么？

詞匯

challenge （對(duì)動(dòng)物生存的）考驗(yàn)

compensated 補(bǔ)償了

thrive 茁壯生長(zhǎng)

adapt 適應(yīng)

to their max 達(dá)到極限

問(wèn)題答案

It's a cold, minus two degrees centigrade.